High-sensitivity blood test measuring low-grade systemic inflammation; used in PhenoAge and cardiovascular risk assessment.

Total white blood cell count; indicates immune activation or infection.

Represents innate immune function; needed to calculate NLR along with Lymphocyte %.

Represents adaptive immune function; low levels indicate immunosenescence and higher infection/mortality risk.

Derived metric calculated from WBC and the percentages of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Indicates immune balance; integrates neutrophils and lymphocytes.

Oxygen-carrying capacity; general health indicator.

Percentage of blood that is red blood cells; complements hemoglobin.

Important for blood clotting; also reflects inflammation and cardiovascular risk.

Measures variability in RBC size; high RDW reflects poor erythropoiesis, inflammation, and higher mortality.

TNF‑α is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine. Elevated levels are associated with sepsis, severe systemic inflammation, and chronic inflammatory or cardiometabolic conditions.